The spotlight effect: People only see what they see and want to see, making it hard to step outside of their own perspective. Therefore, it's important to frequently ask oneself, "Why do I think this way?" There are four major challenges in the decision-making process, along with the following solutions: broaden options; test assumptions with facts; view decisions from a distance; prepare for mistakes.

To make predictions, one needs to deeply understand the past and present, see beyond the surface to grasp the essence, and thus be able to extrapolate into the future. Unfortunately, most people can only see the present. There are two ways to gain a strategic high ground that is easy to defend and hard to attack: independent innovation and riding the wave of change. Common trends include skyrocketing fixed costs, deregulation, prediction biases, incumbent effects, and attractor states.

How to quickly build reputation? Solve the big problems that everyone wants to solve but cannot. In

A progress web can be put to the home screen by Chrome and Safari, work offline with service workers, increase engagement with push notification and improve the conversation rate for new users across all browsers. That’s why more and more websites start to implement PWA.

There are three types of product features: MMRs, neutralizers, and differentiators. Customers often provide feedback on MMRs and neutralizers. The product management team must take responsibility for reinforcing the startup’s differentiator.

ACID and BASE indicate different designing philosophy. ACID focuses on consistency over availability. In ACID, the C means that a transaction pre-serves all the database rules. Meanwhile, BASE focuses more on availability indicating the system is guaranteed to be available.

Launching v4 was the chance for Digg to return to their rightful place. They implemented write-through-cache Memcached through Cassandra bottleneck. However, MyNews page was still broken every 4 hours. To keep the site running, rewriting is needed.

Any networked system has three desirable properties: consistency, availability and partition tolerance. Systems can have only two of those three. For example, RDBMS prefers consistency and partition tolerance and becomes an ACID system.

Usually, load balancers have three categories: DNS Round Robin, Network Load balancer and Application Load balancer. DNS Round Robin is rarely used as it is hard to control and not responsive. The network Load balancer has better granularity and is simple and responsive.

A B+ tree can be seen as B tree in which each node contains only keys. Pros of B+ tree can be summarized as fewer cache misses. In B tree, the data is associated with each key and can be accessed more quickly.