System design for notifying millions of users about significant stock price changes with extensible alert types.

Designing a stock exchange system with order matching, high availability, and low latency for millions of users.

Steve Jobs coined the phrase “bozo management”. Bozos referred to the professional managers who know how to manage but don’t know how to DO anything. It turns out the best managers are great individual contributors who never ever want to be a manager but decide to be one.

An introduction to Decentralized Identity (DID) and the Decentralized Identity Foundation (DIF).

Driven by the goal to take a cut of all economic activity, Amazon decides to develop grocery services. However, its grocery business has no first-and-best customer due to cost disadvantage. By acquiring Whole Foods, Amazon is buying more than a retailer - it’s buying a customer.

Representative heuristics are one of the methods people use to judge probabilities and valuations. During this process, people often mistakenly equate representativeness with probability. To better assist in probability judgments, the following factors should be considered: base rates, sample size, correct understanding of odds, predictability, caution against overconfidence leading to an illusion of validity in predictions, and regression to the mean.

Companies believe that innovation is effective only when they create new products, but they often overestimate new products by three times. Consumers, on the other hand, frequently underestimate new products by three times and often hold a skeptical attitude toward them. Therefore, a new product must be nine times better than existing alternatives to capture the market.

Over the past 25 years, the rise of cloud computing, smartphones, and social media has led to rapid growth for unicorn companies. However, those tech giants still struggle to find a path to high profits. Some well-known companies have demonstrated that wealth primarily comes from: large markets, high margins, and natural monopolies; limited physical assets and light regulation.

Architecture serves the entire lifecycle of software systems, making them easy to understand, develop, test, deploy, and operate, with the goal of minimizing the human resource costs for each business use case. O'Reilly's

Habits make you do things like no brainers. Businesses that know how to cultivate customer habits have a significant competitive advantage over others. The Hook Model teaches us how to form a user habit in four steps: trigger, action, variable reward and investment.

The marketing landscapes of the West and China are vastly different. If Western marketers want to adapt, they need to learn to: build good relationships with major companies like BAT; prioritize mobile; value KOL marketing; focus on content marketing; manage multiple channels in the West while navigating large companies' multi-platforms in China; and balance "thoughtful planning" with "plans not keeping up with changes."

Companies often overweight their new product by a factor of 3 while consumers overweight the old product’s benefits by a factor of 3. So you have to be 9x better than the existing alternatives to win their market, which is called The 9x Effect.