Replan, Don't Retry: Why Most Agent Errors Aren't Transient
A calendar-write returns 409 Conflict. The framework's default error handler kicks in: backoff 200ms, retry. Same conflict. Backoff 400ms, retry. Same conflict. Backoff 800ms, retry. By the time the agent gives up and tells the user "I couldn't book the meeting," it has burned three seconds of latency budget proving something the very first response already told it: the slot is taken. The world has not changed. It will not change in 800 milliseconds. Retrying was never going to work, because nothing about this error was transient.
This is the most common error-handling bug in agent systems, and it is hiding in plain sight inside almost every framework that ships today. The retry-with-exponential-backoff pattern was imported wholesale from stateless HTTP clients — where it is exactly correct — into stateful planning loops where it is actively wrong. The right default for a tool error in an agent is not retry. It is replan.
